A national park is a designated area of land protected by the government to conserve its natural environment, wildlife, and cultural heritage. These areas are set aside to preserve ecosystems, endangered species, and the overall ecological balance. National parks typically offer public access to activities like hiking, wildlife viewing, and education, but certain human activities such as logging, mining, and hunting are prohibited to maintain the area’s natural state. They play a crucial role in biodiversity conservation, scientific research, and environmental sustainability. National or regional authorities manage national parks, and they often have legal protections to ensure their preservation for future generations.
List of National Parks in Assam 2025
| Sl. No | Name | Location | Golaghat, Nagaon, Sonitpur, and Karbi Anglong |
| 1 | Manas National Park | Date/Year announced as National Park | 1974 |
| 2 | Raimona National Park | Kokrajhar | 8 June 2021 |
| 3 | Shikna Jwhwlao National Park | Kokrajhar and Chirang | 15 August 2024 |
| 4 | Kaziranga National Park | Golaghat, Nagaon, Sonitpur and Karbi Anglong | 1974 |
| 5 | Nameri National Park | Sonitpur | 1999 |
| 6 | Dibru-Saikhowa National Park | Dibrugarh and Tinsukia | 1999 |
| 7 | Orang National Park | Udalguri and Sonitpur | 13 April 1999 |
| 8 | Dehing Patkai National Park | Golaghat, Nagaon, Sonitpur, and Karbi Anglong | 9 June 2021 |
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Total National Park in Bodoland(Assam)
Manas National Park
Manas National Park, located in the northeastern state of Assam, India, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site renowned for its rich biodiversity and ecological importance. Spanning over 950 square kilometers, it lies at the foothills of the Bhutan Himalayas, bordering the international boundary between India and Bhutan. The park is a vital part of the Manas River basin, which flows through the region, contributing to the area’s lush vegetation and diverse ecosystems.
Geographical Features
Manas National Park is characterized by a mix of tropical and subtropical forests, grasslands, and wetlands, creating a mosaic of habitats that support a wide range of species. The terrain is predominantly hilly, with elevations ranging from 50 meters to over 1,000 meters above sea level. The Manas River runs through the park, providing water to the flora and fauna. The park’s landscape includes dense forest areas, floodplain grasslands, wetlands, and several riverine islands.
Flora and Fauna
Manas is home to a staggering diversity of wildlife, making it one of the most important conservation areas in India. The park’s ecosystem supports over 500 species of birds, 100 species of mammals, 220 species of butterflies, and more than 30 species of reptiles. The biodiversity of Manas National Park is largely due to its varied habitats, which provide refuge for a wide range of species, some of which are globally threatened.
The park is famous for its population of the one-horned rhinoceros, which is listed as vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Other iconic species found in the park include the Royal Bengal tiger, clouded leopard, Asian elephant, Indian bison (gaur), wild boar, and hog deer. It is also home to several primates, such as the Assam macaque and golden langur. Additionally, the park provides a critical sanctuary for many species of birds, including the great hornbill, Pallas’s fish eagle, and various species of pheasants and eagles.
Conservation Efforts
Manas National Park has long faced significant challenges, including poaching, habitat destruction, and the effects of civil unrest in the region. However, concerted conservation efforts have led to the park’s recovery. The Manas Tiger Reserve was established in 1973, and in 1985, Manas was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site due to its unique wildlife and ecological value. The park is also a part of the Biosphere Reserve.
The park has benefited from various local, national, and international conservation initiatives. Anti-poaching measures, community-based conservation programs, and the involvement of local communities in protecting the park have all contributed to preserving its biodiversity. Special efforts have been made to protect the rhino population, and the park has seen a significant increase in the number of rhinos in recent years.
Challenges
Despite these successes, the park still faces threats such as illegal logging, poaching, and encroachment from human settlements. The political instability in the region also occasionally affects conservation efforts. Additionally, the park’s proximity to the border with Bhutan means it occasionally faces challenges with transboundary wildlife conservation and management.
Tourism and Accessibility
Manas National Park is a popular destination for eco-tourism, attracting wildlife enthusiasts and photographers from around the world. The park offers jeep safaris and boat rides along the Manas River, providing opportunities for visitors to view its diverse wildlife in their natural habitat. The best time to visit is between November and April when the weather is dry, and wildlife sightings are more frequent.
The nearest major city is Guwahati, located about 176 kilometers from the park, making it accessible by road. The nearest airport is Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport in Guwahati, while the nearest railway station is Barpeta Road, which is around 30 kilometers away from the park.
Raimona National Park
Raimona National Park is a newly established national park located in the Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR) of Assam, India. It was officially declared a national park in 2021, covering an area of around 500 square kilometers. Situated in the western part of Assam, it is nestled in the foothills of the Bhutan Himalayas and lies close to the Manas National Park, making it an integral part of the Manas Conservation Area. Raimona is an important biodiversity hotspot and plays a significant role in the region’s conservation landscape.
Geography and Landscape
Raimona National Park is characterized by its diverse landscape, which includes a combination of dense forests, grasslands, wetlands, and riverine ecosystems. The park’s terrain is primarily hilly, with elevations ranging from 100 meters to 500 meters above sea level. The Garu Hills and the Beki River flow through the region, contributing to the park’s natural beauty and supporting its rich flora and fauna. The park experiences a tropical monsoon climate, with heavy rainfall during the monsoon months, making it lush and vibrant throughout the year.
Flora and Fauna
Raimona National Park is home to a wide variety of plant and animal species, making it a key area for wildlife conservation. The park is part of the Eastern Himalayan biodiversity hotspot, and its forested areas consist of both tropical and subtropical vegetation, including evergreen and semi-evergreen forests, grasslands, and wetlands.
The park is home to numerous species of wildlife, including iconic megafauna such as the Asian elephant, tiger, wild boar, and Indian bison (gaur). The region is also an important habitat for the Indian rhinoceros, and it shares its boundaries with the Manas National Park, which is famous for its rhino population. Additionally, the park supports a rich avian diversity, with bird species like the great hornbill and pelicans commonly found in the area. It also harbors several species of primates, including the golden langur, which is native to the region.
Conservation Importance
Raimona National Park is part of the larger Manas Tiger Reserve and is critical in preserving the ecological corridor that connects the wildlife populations of the region. The park plays a vital role in safeguarding the biodiversity of the region, contributing to the protection of endangered species like the Royal Bengal tiger, clouded leopard, and Himalayan black bear.
Tourism
While Raimona National Park is still in the early stages of development for tourism, it holds immense potential for eco-tourism. Its proximity to the popular Manas National Park makes it an attractive destination for wildlife enthusiasts and photographers. Visitors can expect scenic views, opportunities for wildlife spotting, and a chance to experience the rich culture and traditions of the local communities.
Shikna Jwhwlao National Park
Shikna Jwhwlao National Park is a relatively lesser-known but significant protected area located in the Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR) of Assam, India. This park, which spans approximately 300 square kilometers, is an important site for conservation and biodiversity in the northeastern region of India. While it may not be as widely recognized as other national parks in Assam, Shikna Jwhwlao plays a crucial role in preserving the rich flora and fauna of the region.
Location and Geography
Shikna Jwhwlao National Park is situated in the western part of Assam, within the Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR). It lies to the east of the Manas National Park and is a part of the larger Manas Conservation Area. The park is characterized by tropical and subtropical forests, rich grasslands, and riverine ecosystems. Its terrain includes rolling hills, valleys, and riverine stretches, with elevations ranging from 100 meters to 800 meters above sea level. The Beki River and other smaller streams flow through the park, providing water to the diverse wildlife and vegetation.
Flora and Fauna
The park is rich in biodiversity, hosting a variety of flora and fauna. The forests of Shikna Jwhwlao are home to a mix of evergreen and semi-evergreen vegetation, as well as stretches of grasslands and wetlands. This diversity of ecosystems provides a variety of habitats for many species of animals and plants.
Some of the major species that can be found in Shikna Jwhwlao National Park include the Asian elephant, Indian bison (gaur), wild boar, and tiger. The park is also a vital habitat for several endangered species such as the Indian rhinoceros, clouded leopard, and Himalayan black bear. The region is rich in birdlife as well, with species like the great hornbill and Pallas’s fish eagle inhabiting the park’s forests and wetlands. Additionally, various species of primates, such as the Assam macaque and golden langur, are also present in the park.
Conservation Importance
Shikna Jwhwlao National Park is an essential part of the Manas Conservation Area, helping to protect the wildlife corridors between India and Bhutan. The park’s forests and rivers provide critical habitat for the region’s wildlife, and its conservation is vital for maintaining the ecological balance of the larger Manas-Bodoland ecosystem.
Challenges and Development
Like many protected areas in India, Shikna Jwhwlao faces challenges from human encroachment, illegal logging, and poaching. However, the park’s relatively remote location provides a natural buffer to some of these issues. Conservation efforts are ongoing to protect the park’s biodiversity, and local communities are increasingly involved in eco-tourism and sustainable resource management.
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Total National Parks in Assam 2025
Kaziranga National Park
Kaziranga National Park, located in the northeastern state of Assam, India, is one of the most famous wildlife sanctuaries in the world and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Spread over 1,090 square kilometers, it is situated along the southern banks of the Brahmaputra River in Assam and is renowned for its significant population of the one-horned rhinoceros.
Geography and Landscape
Kaziranga is characterized by a diverse landscape of grasslands, wetlands, and tropical forests, with occasional patches of savannah and riverine forest. The park is interspersed with numerous waterways, including the Brahmaputra River and its tributaries, which flood the park during the monsoon season, enhancing its rich biodiversity. The terrain is mostly flat with some elevated areas, and it experiences a subtropical monsoon climate, making it lush and vibrant year-round.
Flora and Fauna
Kaziranga is most famous for its one-horned rhinoceros, with nearly two-thirds of the world’s population of this endangered species residing in the park. In addition to rhinos, the park is home to several other key species, including the Royal Bengal tiger, Asian elephant, wild boar, Indian bison (gaur), and swamp deer. Kaziranga is also an important birdwatching destination, with over 480 species of birds, including the Pallas’s fish eagle and greater adjutant stork.
The park’s diverse habitats also support a wide variety of reptiles, amphibians, and insects, including the python, crocodiles, and various species of frogs.
Conservation Efforts
Kaziranga is a vital conservation area and has been at the forefront of efforts to protect the one-horned rhinoceros. Anti-poaching measures, forest patrolling, and community-based conservation programs have played a crucial role in safeguarding the park’s wildlife. Despite challenges like poaching and floods, Kaziranga remains a model of wildlife conservation.
Tourism
Kaziranga National Park attracts thousands of tourists each year, who come for jeep and elephant safaris to see the park’s unique wildlife. The best time to visit is from November to April.
Kaziranga’s rich biodiversity and conservation success make it one of India’s most important natural heritage sites.
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Dibru-Saikhowa National Park
Dibru-Saikhowa National Park is a unique and ecologically rich protected area located in the northeastern state of Assam, India. Spanning over 340 square kilometers, the park is situated on the southern banks of the Brahmaputra River, near the border with the Dibrugarh and Tinsukia districts. It is known for its vast wetlands, grasslands, and dense forests, and it plays a crucial role in preserving the biodiversity of the region.
Geography and Landscape
Dibru-Saikhowa National Park is characterized by a mix of tropical evergreen forests, riverine islands, grasslands, and wetlands, which create a diverse range of habitats for wildlife. The park lies in the Madhupur Hills and experiences a subtropical monsoon climate with heavy rainfall during the monsoon season, resulting in lush greenery and vibrant ecosystems. The park is also home to the Dibru River, which flows through its western boundary, contributing to the park’s varied terrain.
Flora and Fauna
Dibru-Saikhowa is home to a rich variety of flora and fauna, with more than 500 species of plants recorded in the area. The park’s diverse landscape supports an array of animal species, including several that are endangered or rare. The wildlife in the park includes the Hoolock gibbons, Bengal tiger, Indian elephant, swamp deer, and wild boar. The park also harbors a significant population of wild buffalo.
The park is also a birdwatcher’s paradise, with over 300 species of birds inhabiting the area, including the white-winged wood duck, which is critically endangered. Other notable bird species include the greater adjutant stork, Pallas’s fish eagle, and various species of hornbills.
Conservation Significance
Dibru-Saikhowa National Park is of immense ecological importance, as it is one of the few places in India where the Hoolock gibbons (India’s only ape species) can be found in the wild. The park’s wetlands provide critical habitats for migratory birds and aquatic species. It is also a key area for conservation, as it forms an essential part of the Brahmaputra River ecosystem.
Tourism
Dibru-Saikhowa is a relatively less-explored gem in Assam but is gaining popularity among eco-tourists and wildlife enthusiasts. Visitors can explore the park through boat rides along its rivers, jeep safaris, and nature walks. The best time to visit is from November to April, when the weather is favorable for wildlife sightings.
Orang National Park
Orang National Park, also known as Rajiv Gandhi Orang National Park, is a protected area located in the state of Assam, India. Situated on the northern banks of the Brahmaputra River, Orang National Park spans 78.81 square kilometers and is known for its rich wildlife, especially its significant population of the one-horned rhinoceros. The park is often referred to as the “Mini Kaziranga” due to its similarities to the more famous Kaziranga National Park, but on a smaller scale.
Geography and Landscape
Orang National Park is located about 100 kilometers east of Kaziranga, in the Darrang and Sonitpur districts of Assam. The park is marked by diverse ecosystems, including grasslands, riverine forests, wetlands, and wooded areas, which provide crucial habitats for a variety of species. The terrain is primarily flat, with occasional low-lying hills, and the park is crisscrossed by several small rivers and streams. During the monsoon season, the park faces annual flooding, which plays a crucial role in replenishing its wetlands and supporting its wildlife.
Flora and Fauna
Orang National Park is home to a wide range of flora and fauna. The park’s vegetation includes tropical wet evergreen forests, semi-evergreen forests, and floodplain grasslands. These varied habitats support a diverse array of wildlife.
The park is best known for its population of the one-horned rhinoceros, which is one of the key species found in the park. Apart from rhinos, Orang also supports Royal Bengal tigers, wild boars, swamp deer, Indian bison (gaur), and Hog deer. The park is also home to Asian elephants, leopards, and several species of primates, including the Assam macaque.
In addition to mammals, Orang is a significant birdwatching destination, with more than 250 species of birds recorded in the park. Some of the notable species include Pallas’s fish eagle, white-eyed pochard, greater adjutant stork, and hornbills.
Conservation Efforts
Orang National Park plays a critical role in wildlife conservation, particularly in protecting the one-horned rhinoceros. The park is part of Assam’s larger efforts to conserve the region’s wildlife, and its proximity to Kaziranga makes it an important part of the Brahmaputra River ecosystem. Conservation challenges, such as poaching, habitat destruction, and human-wildlife conflict, persist, but ongoing protection measures and patrolling have led to significant improvements in the park’s biodiversity.
Tourism
Orang National Park is a popular destination for eco-tourism, especially for wildlife enthusiasts and birdwatchers. The park offers jeep safaris and boat rides on the Brahmaputra River, providing visitors with the opportunity to spot wildlife in their natural habitats. The best time to visit is between November and April, when the weather is dry, and wildlife sightings are more frequent.
Dehing Patkai National Park
Dehing Patkai National Park is a unique and ecologically important protected area located in the northeastern state of Assam, India. Often referred to as the “Amazon of the East,” the park is situated in the Dibrugarh and Tinsukia districts of Assam, spanning an area of about 1,000 square kilometers. The park is known for its rich biodiversity, lush rainforests, and its status as a crucial part of the Eastern Himalayan biodiversity hotspot.
Geography and Landscape
Dehing Patkai National Park is located in the Patkai Hills, which are part of the larger Arunachal Pradesh Hills. The park is bordered by the Dehing River to the south and the Brahmaputra River to the north, providing a diverse range of ecosystems. The terrain of the park is hilly, with elevations ranging from 100 meters to over 1,000 meters above sea level. The region experiences a tropical monsoon climate, with heavy rainfall during the monsoon season, contributing to the lush greenery and rich biodiversity of the area.
The park is primarily covered by evergreen rainforests, which are home to numerous plant and animal species. The region also has patches of semi-evergreen forests, sal forests, and wetlands, which provide critical habitats for wildlife.
Flora and Fauna
Dehing Patkai National Park is renowned for its biodiversity, with over 200 species of birds, 60 species of mammals, and numerous reptiles, amphibians, and insects. The park’s dense forests are home to several iconic species, including the Hoolock gibbon, tigers, Asian elephants, and the clouded leopard. The park is also an important habitat for the Indian hornbill, Pallas’s fish eagle, and the white-winged wood duck, among other bird species.
One of the most notable features of Dehing Patkai is its rich flora. The park is home to a wide range of plant species, including rare orchids, bamboo, and various medicinal plants. The presence of evergreen forests makes it a vital part of the region’s ecosystem.
Conservation and Threats
Dehing Patkai faces conservation challenges, such as illegal logging, poaching, and human-wildlife conflict. The region’s forests have been under threat from both legal and illegal timber extraction, but efforts are underway to protect the park’s unique biodiversity. The Dehing Patkai Wildlife Sanctuary, which was upgraded to a national park in 2020, has bolstered conservation efforts.
Tourism
Though not as well-known as some other national parks in India, Dehing Patkai is gaining popularity among eco-tourists and wildlife enthusiasts. Visitors can explore the park’s trails, view its diverse wildlife, and enjoy its serene landscapes. The best time to visit is between November and April, when the weather is favorable for wildlife sightings.
Nameri National Park
Nameri National Park is a renowned protected area located in the Sonitpur district of Assam, India. Spanning approximately 1,000 square kilometers, the park is situated on the northern banks of the Brahmaputra River, adjacent to the Arunachal Pradesh border. Nameri is known for its rich biodiversity, lush forests, and vibrant wildlife. It is part of the larger Kaziranga-Karbi Anglong-Nameri wildlife corridor, which is an important ecological link between the Eastern Himalayas and the Brahmaputra plains.
Geography and Landscape
Nameri National Park is characterized by its tropical moist evergreen forests, semi-evergreen forests, and grasslands, which are watered by several rivers and streams, including the Nameri River. The park lies at the foothills of the Eastern Himalayas, and its terrain is a mix of hilly and plain areas, with elevations ranging from 100 meters to over 1,000 meters above sea level. The area experiences a tropical monsoon climate, with heavy rainfall during the monsoon season (June to September), resulting in lush vegetation and vibrant ecosystems.
Flora and Fauna
Nameri National Park is home to a wide range of plant and animal species, making it a vital part of India’s biodiversity. The park’s dense forests support various species of trees such as sal, sissoo, and bamboo, as well as medicinal plants and orchids.
The park is particularly famous for its rich wildlife. It is home to iconic species like the Indian elephant, Royal Bengal tiger, clouded leopard, and Indian bison (gaur). Hog deer, swamp deer, and wild boar are also common in the park. Nameri is known for its avian diversity, with over 350 species of birds recorded, including Pallas’s fish eagle, white-winged wood duck, hornbills, and woodpeckers. The park’s wetlands provide vital habitat for migratory birds that pass through the region.
Conservation Efforts
Nameri National Park is an important conservation area in Assam, and it was declared a national park in 1998 to protect its unique flora and fauna. The park’s rich ecosystems are under threat from poaching, illegal logging, and human-wildlife conflict, but strict patrolling and conservation initiatives have been implemented to protect the area. The presence of the Nameri Tiger Reserve has also bolstered conservation efforts, especially for the Royal Bengal tiger population.
Tourism
Nameri is a popular destination for eco-tourism and wildlife enthusiasts. Visitors can explore the park through treks, jeep safaris, and boat rides along the Nameri River. The park is also known for birdwatching, as it is home to several rare and endangered species. The best time to visit is between November and April, when the weather is more favorable for wildlife sightings.
Conclusion
In conclusion, national parks are vital for the conservation of natural landscapes, wildlife, and biodiversity. They serve as sanctuaries for endangered species, protect delicate ecosystems, and offer opportunities for scientific research and environmental education. National parks also play a significant role in eco-tourism, providing a sustainable way for people to connect with nature. By restricting harmful human activities, these parks help maintain the balance of ecosystems and promote environmental sustainability. Ultimately, national parks are essential for preserving the planet’s natural heritage and ensuring that future generations can experience and learn from these valuable resources.